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*************************
* *
* R O A D M O D E L *
* *
*************************
USER'S GUIDE
Version 3.3
August 1993
(C) Copyright 1988 - 1993, Chainman Technology, 163 Mid Stocket
Road, Aberdeen AB2 4LU. All rights reserved.
T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S
-----------------------------------
INTRODUCTION ................................. 1
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS .......................... 1
START-UP ..................................... 1
GETTING STARTED - A SAMPLE SESSION ........... 2
A SIMPLE WORKING EXAMPLE ..................... 6
FUNCTIONS IN DETAIL .......................... 8
'Alignment' ............................. 8
'Stations' .............................. 10
'Coordinates' ........................... 11
'Options' ............................... 11
REGISTERING INFORMATION ...................... 12
TECHNICAL SUPPORT ............................ 12
INTRODUCTION
ROAD MODEL is intended for use by surveyors and setting out
engineers involved in the control of alignment of roadworks.
Parameters of a road's geometry are stored on disk. The program
can then generate coordinates along the centre line and at
offsets. Survey stations can be selected from a database module
so that Whole Circle Bearings and distances can be printed out
ready for input to surveying equipment.
ROAD MODEL has been around for over eight years and has existed
as a shareware product since 1988. In that time a customer base
has developed, made up predominantly of freelance engineers
wanting to increase their efficiency. Amongst these customers,
ROAD MODEL has been praised as being well structured and easy to
use and has proved to be reliable and accurate.
ROAD MODEL is a simple and inexpensive application that makes the
use of computers on site a realistic solution to improve the
accuracy and efficiency of setting out calculation.
This program is distributed under the "Shareware" concept. Feel
free to pass copies to your colleagues, PC users groups or other
interested parties. This program may be uploaded to bulletin
boards provided this documentation file and example files are
included. ROAD MODEL may only be distributed in its original
unmodified state, complete with data files and this
documentation.
You should register your copy. Registration has many benefits
described on page 12.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
ROAD MODEL runs on IBM PC compatible computers with a colour
monitor and with MS DOS operating system version 2.0 or later.
A printer is optional but users will find in practice, printed
output is indispensable.
START-UP
Installation :
ROAD MODEL can be run from either floppy or fixed disk
systems. To install ROAD MODEL onto a fixed disk insert the
program disk into drive A:, switch to the directory of your
fixed disk that you wish to run the program from and enter
the DOS command COPY A:\*.*. To run the program simply type
RML.
GETTING STARTED - A SAMPLE SESSION
When ROAD MODEL is started up your screen will display the main
menu through which all of the software's features are accessed.
Each of the menu choices can be selected by using the cursor keys
and then pressing the carriage return or by pressing the first
letter of the menu item.
On selecting 'Alignment' you are presented with a further menu
and a table which you will use for entering alignment data. To
see how a completed form should look, select the 'Retrieve'
option. By using the arrow keys, scroll through the choice list
until "DUNBEATH" is highlighted and then press <ESC>. The program
will search the directory for the file called DUNBEATH.RM3 and
load it into memory. Your screen should now look like figure 1
below. More will be said later about entering alignment data but
for the meantime we wish to return to the main menu. Do this by
selecting the 'Last menu' option or by pressing <ESC>.
Save Retrieve Edit New Print Last menu
Retrieve alignment from disk file
┌─Alignment────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ NAME OF ROAD : A9 Dunbeath Diversion │
│ START CHAINAGE : 297.000 │
│ START COORDINATES : 5,303.456 E 8,357.210 N │
╞════╤════════════╤════════════════╤═══════════════════════════════╤═══════════╡
│T.P.│ CHORD TYPE │ END │ END COORDINATES │ STATUS │
│NUMB│ │ CHAINAGE │ EASTING NORTHING │ │
├────┼────────────┼────────────────┼───────────────────────────────┼───────────┤
│ 1 │ Circle │ 366.028 │ 5,305.528 8,426.147 │ Defined │
│ 2 │ Transition │ 456.028 │ 5,296.092 8,515.616 │ Defined │
│ 3 │ Straight │ 822.154 │ 5,246.274 8,878.337 │ Defined │
│ 4 │ Transition │ 902.154 │ 5,237.361 8,957.821 │ Defined │
│ 5 │ Circle │ 1,236.075 │ 5,318.271 9,276.273 │ Defined │
│ 6 │ Transition │ 1,316.075 │ 5,364.041 9,341.861 │ Defined │
│ 7 │ Straight │ 1,569.044 │ 5,513.913 9,545.654 │ Defined │
│ 8 │ Transition │ 1,649.045 │ 5,562.882 9,608.891 │ Defined │
│ 9 │ Circle │ 2,125.549 │ 5,984.097 9,796.326 │ Defined │
│ 10 │ Straight │ 2,236.490 │ 6,004.123 9,905.445 │ Defined │
└────┴────────────┴────────────────┴───────────────────────────────┴───────────┘
figure 1: Typical alignment table.
We now want to work with survey stations. Select the 'Stations'
option and then select 'Retrieve'. Use the arrow keys to
highlight "DUNBEATH" and then press <ESC>. The program will
search the directory for the file called DUNBEATH.STN and load
it into memory. Your screen should now look like figure 2. By
selecting the 'Edit' menu option we can edit the table entries.
Use the cursor keys to move around the table. To sort the file
press <KEY_F5> and the stations will rearrange so that the
"CHAINAGE" column is in ascending sequence. To delete a station
from the file press <CTRL_F3>. More will be said later about
these features but for the meantime press <ESC> to return to the
'Stations' menu. Press <ESC> a second time to return to the main
menu.
Save Retrieve Edit New Print Last menu
Edit the current stations file
┌─Stations──┬────────┬───────────┬───────────┬─────────┬───────────┬───────────┐
│ NAME │CHAINAGE│ EASTING │ NORTHING │ LEVEL │BACKSIGHT 1│BACKSIGHT 2│
├───────────┼────────┼───────────┼───────────┼─────────┼───────────┼───────────┤
│ PGM60 │ 300 │ 5,271.555│ 8,381.487│ 93.034 │ PGM59 │ ********* │
│ PGM59 │ 490 │ 5,232.869│ 8,537.632│ 102.534 │ PGM60 │ PGM58 │
│ PGM58 │ 570 │ 5,240.335│ 8,626.658│ 98.058 │ PGM59 │ PGM57 │
│ PGM57 │ 700 │ 5,200.132│ 8,758.735│ 103.272 │ PGM58 │ PGM56 │
│ PGM56 │ 860 │ 5,184.511│ 8,909.629│ 102.796 │ PGM57 │ PGM55 │
│ PGM55 │ 985 │ 5,170.620│ 9,040.063│ 98.894 │ PGM56 │ PGM53 │
│ PGM53 │ 1,180 │ 5,224.849│ 9,238.121│ 93.845 │ PGM55 │ PGM52 │
│ PGM52 │ 1,290 │ 5,280.049│ 9,368.156│ 95.080 │ PGM53 │ PGM51 │
│ PGM51 │ 1,390 │ 5,348.779│ 9,420.039│ 0.000 │ PGM52 │ PGM25 │
│ PGM25 │ 1,480 │ 5,440.044│ 9,493.132│ 90.226 │ PGM51 │ ********* │
│ PGM26 │ 1,590 │ 5,506.343│ 9,576.095│ 81.956 │ PGM25 │ PGM28 │
│ PGM28 │ 1,800 │ 5,654.705│ 9,715.077│ 61.418 │ PGM26 │ PGM29 │
│ PGM29 │ 2,000 │ 5,864.467│ 9,791.148│ 39.990 │ PGM28 │ P1 │
│ P1 │ 2,200 │ 6,058.256│ 9,836.418│ 19.983 │ PGM29 │ ********* │
│ STN6+00 │ 600 │ 5,291.329│ 8,660.395│ 0.000 │ PGM58 │ PGM57 │
└───────────┴────────┴───────────┴───────────┴─────────┴───────────┴───────────┘
figure 2: Typical Stations table.
If we now enter the 'Coordinates' option in the main menu we are
presented with a screen similar to figure 3. We can move into any
of the fields in the top window by using the cursor keys, the tab
key or by pressing carriage return. When any of the fields are
changed the bottom window displays the resulting coordinates.
If we move to the 'Station' field we can select a station from
a choice list by pressing <KEY_F1>. Use the arrow keys to make
your selection and then press <ESC>. Then press carriage return
to generate the Whole Circle Bearings and distances.
┌───────────────────────────A9 Dunbeath Diversion──────────────────────────────┐
│ --Chainage- -Left- -Right -Station- - Step - -End chain- Printer │
│ 300.000 3.650 3.650 PGM59 10.000 600.000 Off │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
╔═Coordinates══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ Chainage : 300.000 Chord type: Circle ║
╟─Polar────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ --EASTING-- --NORTHING- ║
║ Left Edge ( 3.650) = 5,300.119 8,360.545 ║
║ Centre Line ( 0.000) = 5,303.753 8,360.195 ║
║ Right Edge ( 3.650) = 5,307.386 8,359.846 ║
╟─Vector───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ PGM59 to Left Edge ( 3.650) = 159' 12' 18" --> 189.427 ║
║ PGM59 to Centre Line ( 0.000) = 158' 13' 26" --> 191.071 ║
║ PGM59 to Right Edge ( 3.650) = 157' 15' 34" --> 192.771 ║
╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
figure 3: Typical Coordinates windows.
The 'Printer' field can be switched on and off by pressing
<CTRL_P>. If the printer is switched on then each time a field
is changed the printer will print coordinates as shown in figure 4.
CHAINAGE 300.000 Dunbeath Diversion (Circle)
------------------
PGM59 to PGM60 = 166' 5' 5" --> 160.866
PGM59 to PGM58 = 4' 47' 37" --> 89.339
FEATURE OFFSET EASTING NORTHING W.C.B. DISTANCE
LEFT EDGE 3.650 5300.119 8360.545 159' 12' 18" --> 189.427
CENTRE LINE 0.000 5303.753 8360.195 158' 13' 26" --> 191.071
RIGHT EDGE 3.650 5307.386 8359.846 157' 15' 34" --> 192.771
===========================================================================
CHAINAGE 310.000 Dunbeath Diversion (Circle)
------------------
FEATURE OFFSET EASTING NORTHING W.C.B. DISTANCE
LEFT EDGE 3.650 5300.967 8370.432 157' 50' 23" --> 180.536
CENTRE LINE 0.000 5304.606 8370.159 156' 48' 43" --> 182.191
RIGHT EDGE 3.650 5308.246 8369.885 155' 48' 11" --> 183.904
===========================================================================
CHAINAGE 320.000 Dunbeath Diversion (Circle)
------------------
FEATURE OFFSET EASTING NORTHING W.C.B. DISTANCE
LEFT EDGE 3.650 5301.607 8380.335 156' 23' 41" --> 171.660
CENTRE LINE 0.000 5305.252 8380.138 155' 19' 1" --> 173.331
RIGHT EDGE 3.650 5308.896 8379.940 154' 15' 36" --> 175.062
===========================================================================
figure 4: Typical printer output.
If we now return to the main menu and enter the 'Options' item
we will be presented with the window shown in figure 5. This
allows printer control codes to be set.
┌─Startup──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ │
│ │
├─Printer settings─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Output : to printer │
│ Paper feed : single sheet │
│ Page length : 66 │
│ Print mode : Quality │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
figure 5: Typical Options window.
A SIMPLE WORKING EXAMPLE
The following simple example demonstrates some of the
capabilities of ROAD MODEL. Our imaginary road is a 'Straight'
which has its start at coordinate point (0E,0N) and ends at
(100E,100N). The chainage of the start of the road is 0.
By selecting the 'Alignment' main menu option and then 'New' we
are prompted for the name of our road. Type in "A9 Caithness
Diversion" and press carriage return. Enter zero in the 'START
CHAINAGE' field. Zeros should also be entered in the 'START
COORDINATES' fields. Our imaginary road is a straight so enter
the letter 'S' in the 'CHORD TYPE' column. 'Straight' will be
written in this column and the cursor will scroll to the next
column. Type 100 in both the Easting and Northing columns. We can
press <KEY_F1> at this stage to see the parameters the program
has worked out.
Now move back to the menu by pressing <ESC>. Select the 'Save'
menu option to save the data you just entered. Type "cness" into
the window and press carriage return. Your data is now stored in
the file CNESS.RM3 and you can now stop the program if you wish.
On re-starting the program you will need to retrieve your data.
Select the 'Retrieve' option in the 'Alignment' menu, highlight
"CNESS" and then press <ESC>.
Along with our imaginary alignment we have three setting out
stations with the coordinates shown below:
NAME APPROX. CHAINAGE EASTING NORTHING
P1 80 80 60
P2 60 0 70
P3 40 10 40
By selecting the 'New' option in the 'Stations' menu we can enter
the survey station data. We wish to use stations P2 and P3 as
backsights for P1. By entering P2 into the column headed
'BACKSIGHT 1' and P3 into 'BACKSIGHT 2' the program will
automatically calculate the Whole Circle Bearings and distances.
Press <KEY_F1> to view the parameters the program has calculated.
By pressing <KEY_F5> we can rearrange the order of the stations
so that the chainages are in sequence.
Now move back to the menu by pressing <ESC> and select the 'Save'
menu option to save your survey station data. Type "cness" into
the window and press carriage return. Your survey station data
is now stored in the file CNESS.STN.
If we now go back to the main menu and select the 'Coordinate'
option we can generate coordinates. Our imaginary road is 7.3m
wide. Enter 3.650 into the 'Left' and 'Right' fields so that the
coordinates along the kerb lines will be generated.
To find the Whole Circle Bearings and distances from P1 type "P1"
into the 'Station' field. Alternatively move to the 'Station'
field and press <KEY_F1> for a choice list. Use the arrow keys
to highlight your choice and then press <ESC>.
The printer can be toggled on and off by pressing <CTRL_P>. If
the 'Printer' field is switched to "On" then output will be sent
to the printer each time a field is changed.
FUNCTIONS IN DETAIL
'Alignment':
Before entering data you should prepare a list of the tangent
points along your road similar to the list shown in figure 7. The
list should include the chainage of each tangent point set beside
the corresponding coordinates. It is important for accuracy that
coordinates should be millimetre perfect. In addition you will
need to know the radius and hand of circular chords and the
lengths of any transitions.
TRANSITION
CHAINAGE EASTING NORTHING RADIUS HAND LENGTH
TP0 297.000 5,303.456 8,357.210
Circle 478.385 Left -
TP1 366.028 5,305.528 8,426.147
Transition - - 90.000
TP2 456.028 5,296.092 8,515.616
Straight - - -
TP3 822.154 5,246.274 8,878.337
Transition - - 80.000
TP4 902.154 5,237.361 8,957.821
Circle 537.137 Right -
TP5 1,236.075 5,318.271 9,276.273
Transition - - 80.000
TP6 1,316.075 5,364.041 9,341.861
Straight - - -
TP7 1,569.044 5,513.913 9,545.654
Transition - - 80.000
TP8 1,649.045 5,562.882 9,608.891
Circle 537.204 Right -
TP9 2,125.549 5,984.097 9,796.326
Straight - - -
TP10 2,236.490 6,004.123 9,905.445
figure 7: Typical list of tangent points.
Now select the 'New' menu option in the 'Alignment' menu. The
current alignment is removed from the computers memory and you
are prompted to enter the name of your road. Any title is
permissible but must be less than 32 characters in length. The
start chainage and start coordinates should now be entered. You
will now be in the table part of the form. It is important that
you enter your data in sequence. The program carries out
calculations and checks the data is valid as it is entered. As
data is entered the status of each chord type is reported in the
column headed 'Status'. By pressing <KEY_F1> you can see the
parameters the program has worked out.
When you have completed entering your data you should save it.
This is done by selecting the 'Save' option from the menu. A
window will appear on screen prompting you for the name of the
file to create.
A printed report of the entered data similar to figure 8 can be
generated by selecting the 'Print' menu option.
A9 Dunbeath Diversion
NUM CHORD CHAINAGE LENGTH COORDINATES W.C.B. RADIUS CENTRE OF RADIUS HAND
TYPE
1 Circle 297.000 69.028 5303.456E 8357.210N 5' 51' 19" 478.385 4827.567E 8406.013N left
366.028 5305.528E 8426.147N 357' 35' 16"
2 Transition 366.028 90.000 5305.528E 8426.147N 357' 35' 16" 0.000 0.000E 0.000N
456.028 5296.092E 8515.616N 352' 10' 46"
3 Straight 456.028 366.126 5296.092E 8515.616N 352' 10' 46" 0.000 0.000E 0.000N
822.154 5246.274E 8878.337N 352' 10' 46"
4 Transition 822.154 80.000 5246.274E 8878.337N 352' 10' 46" 0.000 0.000E 0.000N
902.154 5237.361E 8957.821N 356' 26' 46"
5 Circle 902.154 333.921 5237.361E 8957.821N 356' 26' 46" 537.137 5773.465E 8991.116N right
1236.075 5318.271E 9276.273N 32' 3' 54"
6 Transition 1236.075 80.000 5318.271E 9276.273N 32' 3' 54" 0.000 0.000E 0.000N
1316.075 5364.041E 9341.861N 36' 19' 52"
7 Straight 1316.075 252.969 5364.041E 9341.861N 36' 19' 52" 0.000 0.000E 0.000N
1569.044 5513.913E 9545.654N 36' 19' 52"
8 Transition 1569.044 80.000 5513.913E 9545.654N 36' 19' 52" 0.000 0.000E 0.000N
1649.045 5562.882E 9608.891N 40' 36' 2"
9 Circle 1649.045 476.504 5562.882E 9608.891N 40' 36' 2" 537.204 5970.761E 9259.288N right
2125.549 5984.097E 9796.326N 10' 23' 58"
10 Straight 2125.549 110.941 5984.097E 9796.326N 10' 23' 58" 0.000 0.000E 0.000N
2236.490 6004.123E 9905.445N 10' 23' 58"
(C) RML v3.3 (1993) - Chainman Technology.
figure 8: Printout from the 'Alignment' module.
'Stations':
This part of the program is a simple data base which allows
survey stations to be stored on disk. Select the 'New' option in
the 'Stations' menu. The current stations file is removed from
the computer's memory and you are entered into the stations
table.
Names of stations can be up to 9 characters long. Space
characters are not allowed and will be automatically deleted on
exiting the field. An error will be reported if a duplicate
station name is entered. An error will also be reported if
station data is entered without a station name. Stations can be
removed from the data base by pressing <CTRL_F3>.
The approximate chainage of stations should be entered. The
program uses this field to sort the stations in ascending
chainage sequence. This is done by pressing <KEY_F5>.
The 'Level' field is not used by the program but is included
because it is usually convenient to store this data along with
the coordinates.
The name of backsights should be entered in the last two columns
of the table. The Whole Circle Bearings and distances to
backsights are automatically calculated and can be viewed by
pressing <KEY_F1>.
When you have completed entering stations you should save your
work by selecting the 'Save' option from the menu bar. A window
will appear on the screen prompting you for the name of the file
to create.
A printed report of the entered data similar to figure 9 can be
generated by selecting the 'Print' menu option.
STATION CH EASTING NORTHING LEVEL|B'SIGHT1 W.C.B. DISTANCE|B'SIGHT2 W.C.B. DISTANCE|
PGM60 300 5271.555 8381.487 93.034|PGM59 346° 5' 5"--> 160.866|****** ********* --> 0.000|
PGM59 490 5232.869 8537.632 102.534|PGM60 166° 5' 5"--> 160.866|PGM58 4° 47' 37"--> 89.339|
PGM58 570 5240.335 8626.658 98.058|PGM59 184° 47' 37"--> 89.339|PGM57 343° 4' 12"--> 138.060|
PGM57 700 5200.132 8758.735 103.272|PGM58 163° 4' 12"--> 138.060|PGM56 354° 5' 22"--> 151.700|
PGM56 860 5184.511 8909.629 102.796|PGM57 174° 5' 22"--> 151.700|PGM55 353° 55' 15"--> 131.172|
PGM55 985 5170.620 9040.063 98.894|PGM56 173° 55' 15"--> 131.172|PGM53 15° 18' 45"--> 205.348|
(C) RML v3.3 (1993) - Chainman Technology.
figure 9: Printout from the 'Stations' module.
'Coordinates':
When you select the 'Coordinates' item on the main menu, two
windows appear on the screen. By using the cursor keys you are
able to move around the top window and change any of the fields.
When a field is changed the bottom window displays the calculated
coordinates. The printer can be toggled on and off by pressing
<CTRL_P>. If the 'Printer' field is switched to "On" the
coordinates will automatically be sent to the printer.
The name of a setting out station can be typed into the 'Station'
field. The program will report an error if the station can not
be found. Alternatively by pressing <KEY_F1> the user is
presented with a choice list of stations. A station can be
selected by using the cursor keys and then pressing <ESC>.
Printed output includes the Whole Circle Bearings and distances
to backsights.
It is often required to generate the coordinates of an alignment
at regular intervals along the chainage. This can be done by
using the 'Step' and 'End chain' fields. The chainage the user
wants to start coordinating from must be entered in the
'Chainage' field. The required interval should then be typed into
the 'Step' field. On entering the end chainage to be coordinated
the program will then generate coordinates increasing the
chainage each time by the given step until the end chainage is
reached. The example given in figure 3 is set up to iterate from
chainage 300 to chainage 600 in 10m intervals. Coordinates will
be generated for chainage 310 then chainage 320 etc.
'Options':
When this menu item is selected you are presented with the window
shown in figure 5. The fields in this window concern the settings
for the printer. The 'Output' field can be toggled between
printer and disk file by pressing the space bar. Output to disk
file is useful when the generated data needs to be entered into
another software package such as a word processor or a
spreadsheet. When disk file is selected all output is appended
to an ASCII disk file called DISKOUTP.DAT which will be written
to the current directory.
The 'Paper feed' field allows the user to toggle between 66 lines
per page or 70 lines per page. This is only useful when using
continuous paper. The 66 lines per page refers to the normal US
11 inch fan fold paper. The 70 lines per page refers to standard
UK A4 size fan fold paper.
'Print mode' allows the user to select either 'Draft' or
'Quality' output.
REGISTERING INFORMATION
Registered users will receive:
1. The latest version of ROAD MODEL.
2. A typeset copy of this manual.
3. User support and assistance.
Other programs are being developed at Chainman Technology such
as a volume calculator for calculating cross section areas and
earthwork quantities, and a contour generator. These are not
shareware programs but are available for purchase to registered
users of ROAD MODEL.
To register, send fifty pounds to Chainman Technology, 163 Mid
Stocket Road, Aberdeen, Scotland AB2 4LU. You can print
REGFORM.DOC to get a registration form.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Chainman Technology offers no warranties with ROAD MODEL and
assumes no responsibility for any sort of damage resulting from
its use. The Author does want to know of any problems users have
with ROAD MODEL and can be contacted at Chainman Technology.
Please support the development of ROAD MODEL by suggesting
changes and enhancements which you feel would be of benefit.